Conclusion

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You have now completed this module and can progress to the next.

Feel free to revisit this module as a refresher anytime.

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References

Scar Management & Treatment Approaches

  1. ISBI Practice Guidelines Committee, Ahuja RB, Gibran N, Greenhalgh D, Jeng J, Mackie D, et al. ISBI Practice Guidelines for Burn Care. Burns. 2016;42(5):953–1021.
  2. Edgar D, Munn Z, Simons M, Li F, Clayton N, Kolmus A, et al. Burn Trauma Rehabilitation: Allied Health Practice Guidelines. 1st ed. Edgar D, editor. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014.

General Principles of Pressure Therapy & Using Pressure Therapy

  1. Sharp P. Use of pressure therapy for management of hypertrophic scarring. Cincinnati Child Hosp Med Cent BESt. 2014;176(March 13):1–10.
  2. Bloemen MCT, van der Veer WM, Ulrich MMW, van Zuijlen PPM, Niessen FB, Middelkoop E. Prevention and curative management of hypertrophic scar formation. Burns. 2009;35(4):463–75.
  3. Anzarut A, Olson J, Singh P, Rowe BH, Tredget EE. The effectiveness of pressure garment therapy for the prevention of abnormal scarring after burn injury: a meta-analysis. J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg [Internet]. 2009;62(1):77–84. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2007.10.052
  4. Engrav LH, Heimbach DM, Rivara FP, Moore ML, Wang J, Carrougher GJ, et al. 12-Year within-wound study of the effectiveness of custom pressure garment therapy. Burns [Internet]. 2010;36(7):975–83. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2010.04.014
  5. Candy LHY, Cecilia LTWP, Ping ZY. Effect of different pressure magnitudes on hypertrophic scar in a Chinese population. Burns. 2010;36(8):1234–41.
  6. Atiyeh B, El Khatib A, Dibo S. Pressure garment therapy (PGT) of burn scars: Evidence-based efficacy. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2013;26(4):205–12.
  7. Edgar D, Munn Z, Simons M, Li F, Clayton N, Kolmus A, et al. Burn Trauma Rehabilitation: Allied Health Practice Guidelines. 1st ed. Edgar D, editor. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014.
  8. Anthonissen M, Daly D, Janssens T, Van Den Kerckhove E. The effects of conservative treatments on burn scars: A systematic review. Burns. 2016.
  9. ISBI Practice Guidelines Committee, Ahuja RB, Gibran N, Greenhalgh D, Jeng J, Mackie D, et al. ISBI Practice Guidelines for Burn Care. Burns. 2016;42(5):953–1021.
  10. Van den Kerckhove E, Stappaerts K, Fieuws S, Laperre J, Massage P, Boeckx W, et al. The assessment of erythema and thickness on burn related scars during pressure garment therapy as a preventive measure for hypertrophic scarring. Burns. 2005;31(6):696–702.

General Principals of Contact Media, Choosing a Contact Media Product & Contact Media Regime and Precautions

  1. Berman B, Perez OA, Konda S, Kohut BE, Viera MH, Delgado S, et al. A review of the biologic effects, clinical efficacy, and safety of silicone elastomer sheeting for hypertrophic and keloid scar treatment and management. Dermatologic Surg. 2007;33(11):1291–302.
  2. Chang C-C, Kuo Y-F, Chiu H-C, Lee J-L, Wong T-W, Jee S-H. Hydration, Not Silicone, Modulates the Effects of Keratinocytes on Fibroblasts. J Surg Res. 1995;59:705–11.
  3. Lee SM, Ngim CK, Chan YY, Ho MJ. A comparison of Sil-K and Epiderm in scar management. Burns. 1996;22(6):483–7.
  4. Mustoe TA. Evolution of Silicone Therapy and Mechanism of Action in Scar Management. Aesthetic Plast Surg [Internet]. 2008 Jan 30 [cited 2016 Dec 1];32(1):82–92. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00266-007-9030-9
  5. Nikkonen MM, Pitkanen JM, Al-Qattan MM. Problems associated with the use of silicone gel sheeting for hypertrophic scars in the hot climate of Saudi Arabia. Burns. 2001;27(5):498–501.
  6. Suetak T, Sasai S, Zhen YX, Tagami H. Effects of silicone gel sheet on the stratum corneum hydration. Br J Plast Surg. 2000;53:503–7.
  7. Tandara AA, Mustoe TA. The role of the epidermis in the control of scarring: evidence for mechanism of action for silicone gel. J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg. 2008;61(10):1219–25.
  8. Van den Kerckhove E, Stappaerts K, Boeckx W, Van den Hof B, Monstrey S, Van der Kelen A, et al. Silicones in the rehabilitation of burns: A review and overview. Burns. 2001;27(3):205–14.
  9. Edgar D, Munn Z, Simons M, Li F, Clayton N, Kolmus A, et al. Burn Trauma Rehabilitation: Allied Health Practice Guidelines. 1st ed. Edgar D, editor. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014.
  10. Carney SA, Cason CG, Gowar JP, Stevenson JH, McNee J, Groves AR, et al. Cica-care gel sheeting in the management of hypertrophic scarring. Burns. 1994;20(2):163–7.
  11. Mustoe TA. International clinical recommendations on scar management. Vol. 129, Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie. 2004. p. 296–306.
  12. Chan KY, Lau CL, Adeeb SM, Somasundaram S, Nasir-Zahari M. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Prospective Clinical Trial of Silicone Gel in Prevention of Hypertrophic Scar Development in Median Sternotomy Wound. Plast Reconstr Surg [Internet]. 2005;116(4):1013–20. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&an=00006534-200509150-00014
  13. Chernoff WG, Cramer H, Su-Huang S. The efficacy of topical silicone gel elastomers in the treatment of hypertrophic scars, keloid scars, and post-laser exfoliation erythema. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2007;31(5):495–500.
  14. Van Der Wal MBA, Vloemans JFPM, Tuinebreijer WE, Van De Ven P, Van Unen E, Van Zuijlen PPM, et al. Outcome after burns: An observational study on burn scar maturation and predictors for severe scarring. Wound Repair Regen. 2012;20(5):676–87.
  15. Nedelec B, Carter A, Forbes L, Hsu S, McMahon M, Parry I, et al. Practice guidelines for the application of nonsilicone or silicone gels and gel sheets after burn injury. J Burn Care Res. 2015;36(3):345–74.
  16. O’brien L. Silicone gel sheeting for preventing and treating hypertrophic and keloid scars. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;9.

Indicators for Scar Massage & Using Scar Massage

  1. Edgar D, Munn Z, Simons M, Li F, Clayton N, Kolmus A, et al. Burn Trauma Rehabilitation: Allied Health Practice Guidelines. 1st ed. Edgar D, editor. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014.
  2. Patiño O, Novick C, Merlo A, Benaim F. Massage in hypertrophic scars. J Burn Care Rehabil [Internet]. 1998 [cited 2016 Dec 1];20(3):268–71; discussion 267. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10342484
  3. Roh YS, Cho H, Oh JO, Yoon CJ. Effects of skin rehabilitation massage therapy on pruritus, skin status, and depression in burn survivors. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi [Internet]. 2007 Mar [cited 2016 Dec 1];37(2):221–6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17435407
  4. Shin TM, Bordeaux JS. The Role of Massage in Scar Management: A Literature Review. Dermatologic Surg [Internet]. 2012 Mar [cited 2016 Dec 1];38(3):414–23. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&an=00042728-201203000-00009
  5. Cho YS, Jeon JH, Hong A, Yang HT, Yim H, Cho YS, et al. The effect of burn rehabilitation massage therapy on hypertrophic scar after burn: A randomized controlled trial. Burns. 2014;40(8):1513–20.
  6. Field T, Peck M. Postburn itching, pain, and psychological symptoms are reduced with massage therapy [Internet]. Vol. 21, Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation. 2000. p. 189–93.

General Principals of Cosmetic Camouflage & Using Cosmetic Camouflague

  1. Edgar D, Munn Z, Simons M, Li F, Clayton N, Kolmus A, et al. Burn Trauma Rehabilitation: Allied Health Practice Guidelines. 1st ed. Edgar D, editor. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014.
  2. Maskell J, Newcombe P, Martin G, Kimble R. Psychological and psychosocial functioning of children with burn scarring using cosmetic camouflage: A multi-centre prospective randomised controlled trial. Burns [Internet]. 2014;40(1):135–49. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2013.04.025