Simulation Education Event Types
The type of event chosen for a simulation should be chosen based on the skills being taught, the skill and experience level of the participants and the equipment available.
Let's look at a few different types of education events.
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Instructor Led Scenarios
Instructor led scenarios, or guided scenarios, are a useful learning tool for junior or inexperienced participant groups. During an instructor led scenario, the instructor uses discussion, questions or prompts to lead or guide the participants toward diagnosis and management of the clinical case.
Pause and Discuss Scenarios
In the pause and discuss method of simulation, the scenario is allowed to proceed to a point then paused for debriefing and instruction, and the scenario then continues to the next pause. In some cases the scenario may change between pauses. This method of simulation is mainly used for teaching and learning and is highly suited for this purpose.
Immersive
An immersive scenario involves putting participants into a realistic, simulated environment to train and test skills, knowledge and behaviours of teams and individuals.
Immersive scenarios attempt to recreate the training environment to be as close to real life as possible. This is accomplished through replicating not only visual elements, but the reproduction of the environment, smells, noises and lighting and includes manikins or actors to simulate not only the patient, but other people who may be involved such as paramedics, specialists and the patient’s family.
Paper-based
Paper based, discussion exercises allows participants to explore hypothetical, simulated scenarios to collaboratively examine areas of concern, solve problems, identify opportunities and areas for improvement.
Skills and drills
Skills training is used to improve and reinforce participants’ knowledge, techniques and confidence.
Following on from skills training, drills are conducted as sustained, repeated practice in clinical scenarios.
Manikin based
Innovation in technology has significantly evolved in manikin based simulation with life size patients able to create realism in a variety of healthcare situations. Manikins can be used in an automatic or manual mode to display a variety of human characteristics and vital signs, to reflect major trauma, injury and wounds, and mimic responses to medical intervention, such as anaesthetic or medication administration.
Virtual reality
Virtual reality creates a three dimensional environmental that replicates reality which can be explored and interacted with by a learner. Opportunities to apply virtual reality in healthcare include replicating surgical procedures by allowing the user to realistically manipulate the relevant instruments to carry out complex tasks, such as laparoscopic surgery, stenting procedure and bronchoscopy.
Augmented reality
Augmented reality training provides opportunities to simulate high risk procedures and scenarios without any risk to a participant or patient. Where manikins and traditional simulation can be limited in functionality and creating realistic scenarios, augmented reality offers learners a high degree of realism and a hands-on training experience by blending the physical and digital environments.
Role Play
Role play is used in simulation to engage participants through interaction with actors to gain experience through practise, observation and reflection. Role players portray patients or other clinical professionals that may be present in a real healthcare setting to build experience in a safe environment.
Hybrid
Hybrid simulation combines standardised patients with part task trainers. For instance, a nursing trainee may be asked to place a urinary catheter into a part task trainer which appears to be part of an actual person (standardised patient). This adds to the experience by training the student in communication and sensitivity to the patient while he or she performs the procedural skill.
